INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-ELECTRONIC JOURNAL “PIONEERING STUDIES AND THEORIES”
Journal organizers: "PARALLAX IT CLUB" Limited Liability Company Yakhshiboev Rustam Erkinboy ugli - Tashkent State University of Economics, Department of Finance and Digital Economy, associate professor Type: Scientific-Electronic Journal Journal Name: Pioneering Studies and Theories Volume and Frequency: Articles are published as an electronic collection once per quarter Year Established: 22.01.2025 ISSN: 3060-5105 The Pioneering Studies and Theories international scientific journal accepts articles in the following fields: 08.00.00 – Economic Sciences 05.00.00 – Technical Sciences 13.00.00 – Pedagogical Sciences Goals and Objectives: The INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-ELECTRONIC JOURNAL "PIONEERING STUDIES AND THEORIES" publishes the results of scientific research conducted by professors and educators from educational institutions, as well as independent researchers within our Republic, in the form of scholarly articles. Additionally, the journal includes scientific articles authored by employees of international and other scientific institutions, production organizations, and enterprises within our Republic who are engaged in research activities. Article Submission Deadline: During the first month of each quarter. Language of Submission: English Publication Date: During the third month of each quarter Official Website: www.pstjournal.uz Telegram Channel: https://t.me/pst_journal
ENHANCING HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES BASED ON MODERN MANAGERIAL APPROACHES
This article examines the issue of enhancing human resource management efficiency in manufacturing industries based on modern managerial approaches. The relevance of the topic is determined by the growing need for industrial enterprises to improve labor productivity, strengthen workforce adaptability, and ensure sustainable development under conditions of technological change, market competition, and organizational modernization. In the manufacturing sector, human resources represent not only a labor factor, but also a strategic asset that directly influences production stability, product quality, innovation capacity, and the long-term competitiveness of enterprises. For this reason, the modernization of human resource management has become one of the central directions of industrial management improvement. The study is based on the assumption that traditional personnel management models are no longer sufficient for manufacturing industries that operate in a dynamic environment requiring flexibility, efficiency, and continuous professional development. Special attention is given to modern managerial approaches such as competency-based management, performance-oriented evaluation, motivation systems, workforce planning, digital HR tools, and the integration of strategic and operational personnel decisions. The article substantiates that the efficiency of human resource management in manufacturing industries depends on the extent to which enterprises are able to combine organizational goals with employee development, labor discipline, professional training, and effective managerial coordination. The research shows that the application of modern managerial approaches contributes to improving the quality of personnel decisions, optimizing labor organization, increasing employee engagement, and strengthening the overall effectiveness of production management. As a result, the article proposes conceptual directions for enhancing human resource management efficiency in manufacturing industries, aimed at ensuring higher productivity, stronger organizational resilience, and more sustainable industrial growth.
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DIGITAL INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS AS A MECHANISM FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
This article examines digital innovation ecosystems as an important mechanism for economic development in the context of the growing digitalization of production, business, and social relations. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that in the modern economy, innovation is increasingly created not within isolated organizations, but through interaction among firms, technology platforms, research institutions, startups, investors, and public authorities. In such conditions, digital innovation ecosystems become a special environment that supports the generation, diffusion, and commercialization of new ideas, technologies, and digital solutions. Their role is especially significant because they contribute not only to technological progress, but also to structural economic transformation, productivity growth, and the strengthening of national competitiveness. The study is based on the understanding that digital innovation ecosystems function as interconnected networks in which digital infrastructure, data exchange, institutional support, and collaborative management create conditions for sustainable innovation activity. The article emphasizes that such ecosystems enhance economic development by accelerating knowledge transfer, reducing barriers to innovation, improving access to digital resources, and stimulating entrepreneurial activity. Particular attention is given to the interaction between technological, organizational, and institutional factors that determine the effectiveness of digital innovation ecosystems in various sectors of the economy. The research shows that digital innovation ecosystems can serve as an effective mechanism for economic development when they ensure coordination among key actors, support continuous innovation processes, and create favorable conditions for the emergence of new business models and digital markets. As a result, the article substantiates the importance of strengthening digital infrastructure, institutional cooperation, and innovation-oriented governance in order to improve the contribution of digital innovation ecosystems to long-term and sustainable economic growth.
IMPROVING STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS FOR SERVICE SECTOR ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
This article examines the improvement of strategic management mechanisms for service sector enterprises in the context of digital transformation. The relevance of the topic is determined by the growing influence of digital technologies on managerial decision-making, customer relations, business process organization, and the long-term competitiveness of service companies. The study is based on the idea that digital transformation should not be interpreted only as the introduction of new technologies, but as a comprehensive managerial change affecting strategic priorities, organizational structure, resource allocation, and performance control systems. Particular attention is given to the adaptation of strategic management tools to the changing conditions of the digital economy, where speed, flexibility, data-driven decisions, and customercentered approaches become decisive factors of sustainable development. The article analyzes the main directions for improving strategic management mechanisms in service enterprises, including the integration of digital platforms into management practice, the strengthening of analytical support for strategic planning, the modernization of organizational coordination, and the development of adaptive models of competitive behavior. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of strategic management in the service sector increasingly depends on the ability of enterprises to combine technological modernization with managerial innovation. The research also highlights the importance of digital competencies, strategic monitoring, and the use of integrated information systems for increasing managerial efficiency. As a result, the paper proposes a conceptual approach to improving strategic management mechanisms that can enhance the resilience, responsiveness, and market sustainability of service sector enterprises under conditions of rapid digital change.
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT: LEAN MANAGEMENT AND THE REFA METHOD
This article is devoted to the international experience in marketing management and improving production efficiency through the application of lean management concepts and the REFA method. It demonstrates how the integration of marketing strategies with tools for enhancing production efficiency contributes to cost reduction, improvement of product quality, and strengthening of a company’s competitive position in international markets.
CURRENT STATE, CHALLENGES, AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES IN UZBEKISTAN
This article provides a scientifically grounded analysis of the export dynamics of electrical engineering industry enterprises in Uzbekistan over the period 2017–2025. The study reveals that industrial output increased 9.5 times, reaching 35 trillion UZS, while exports grew 7.4 times to 1,400 million USD. The paper extensively examines global trends in the electrical engineering market, the geography of Uzbekistan’s exports, a quantitative analysis by major product groups, the impact of state policy, and target indicators for 2025–2030. As a conclusion, practical recommendations for enhancing export potential are developed
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE–BASED PROTECTION METHODS AGAINST SQL INJECTION IN RELATIONAL DATABASES
SQL injection attacks remain a pervasive threat to the security of web applications, especially those backed by relational databases such as PostgreSQL and Oracle. Traditional defensive techniques – from static code analysis to runtime firewalls – often rely on rule-based heuristics and secure coding practices (e.g. using prepared statements) that struggle to keep pace with evolving attack patterns. Recent research has turned to artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to detect and prevent SQL injection dynamically, learning malicious query patterns from data rather than static rules. This paper surveys modern scientific literature (with an emphasis on IEEE and ACM sources) on protecting relational databases from SQL injection, focusing on applied methods implemented in Java environments for PostgreSQL and Oracle databases. We review state-of-the-art solutions, including static analysis tools, runtime monitoring systems, and novel AI/ML-driven detectors. We highlight cutting-edge approaches such as deep learning models (e.g. CNNs, LSTMs, transformers) that automatically learn query features, and discuss how these can be integrated into Java applications. We analyze system architectures and algorithms from recent studies, and illustrate practical implementations with code examples and system diagrams. Building on these insights, we propose an original approach – a graph-based ML detection system integrated at the JDBC driver level – that leverages the structural patterns of SQL queries and adaptive learning to thwart injection attempts in real-time. This proposed method aims to advance the state of the art by combining parse-tree analysis with deep neural networks, offering both scientific novelty and practical significance. The paper follows the IMRaD structure (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion), and includes an evaluation plan using real-world attack data on PostgreSQL and Oracle. Our work not only demonstrates the promise of AI-driven SQL injection defenses but also provides a blueprint for deploying these techniques in enterprise Java applications.
THE ROLE OF SMALL BUSINESS IN THE SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION AND ITS STIMULATION THROUGH TAXATION (IN THE CASE OF KHOREZM REGION)
This article analyzes the role of private entrepreneurship and small business entities in socioeconomic development of the region, using the Khorezm region as a case study, and examines the issues of their stimulation through tax incentives. Throughout the research, the position of small business entities within the regional economy is analyzed, and the role of small business in ensuring public employment is studied. The significance of the taxation system in enhancing the investment opportunities of small business entities is evaluated. Furthermore, the study is conducted based on statistical reports across 12 districts of this region, exploring the efficiency of small businesses and the matters of their stimulation through taxation.
ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT AND FORECASTING MODELS
This study examines the econometric analysis of industrial sector development and proposes forecasting models to assess future growth trajectories. The research focuses on identifying key determinants of industrial performance, including investment inflows, labor productivity, technological intensity, and structural transformation. Using modern econometric techniques, the study evaluates the relationship between industrial output and macroeconomic indicators. Trend analysis, multiple regression modeling, and scenario-based forecasting approaches are applied to estimate short- and medium-term industrial growth prospects. The findings demonstrate that investment intensity, innovation capacity, and structural diversification significantly influence industrial development. The proposed forecasting models provide a reliable analytical framework for evidence-based industrial policy formulation and strategic economic planning.
IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN UZBEKISTAN BASED ON DIGITAL GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS
This article examines the issues of improving the management of higher education institutions in Uzbekistan through digital governance mechanisms. It argues that, under the conditions of rapid digital transformation in the higher education system, there is a growing need to introduce modern management approaches that can enhance the efficiency of administrative processes, ensure greater transparency in decision-making, improve the quality of educational services, and strengthen institutional sustainability. Particular attention is given to the role of digital platforms, automated management systems, data analytics, electronic document flow, and integrated information solutions in the modernization of university administration. The article highlights the organizational and managerial advantages of the digital governance approach, especially in optimizing internal processes, strengthening performance control, increasing the speed of information exchange, and supporting data-driven strategic planning. It also identifies the key barriers to effective digitalization of university management in Uzbekistan, including the insufficient integration of information systems, the limited digital competencies of administrative staff, and the need to improve institutional mechanisms. Based on the findings, the article proposes several directions for enhancing the effectiveness of higher education management through digital mechanisms aimed at sustainable development, greater competitiveness, and alignment with contemporary requirements of the higher education system.
ECONOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE BUSINESS ENTITIES
This article provides a comprehensive assessment of macroeconomic factors affecting the number of private business entities operating in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2010– 2024 using econometric methods. The main objective of the study is to determine the relationship between the number of private enterprises and tax incentives, electricity production rates, fixed capital investments, and the consumer price index using correlation-regression analysis and to develop a multifactor econometric model. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the assessment of the development of the private sector using complex econometric modeling based on several macroeconomic indicators at the same time. The practical significance of the results is manifested in the possibility of using them to improve the state's fiscal and investment policy, optimize entrepreneurship support mechanisms, and develop long-term economic forecasts.
THE ROLE OF PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
This article explores the vital role of pedagogical innovations in improving the quality of educational services in the context of globalization. In today’s rapidly changing world, globalization is reshaping not only economies and cultures but also educational systems. As countries become more interconnected, educational institutions face increasing pressure to meet international standards, integrate modern technologies, and prepare students for global competitiveness. In this environment, traditional teaching approaches are often insufficient, making pedagogical innovation a key factor in ensuring quality and relevance in education. The article analyzes how innovative teaching methods such as student-centered learning, digital technologies, blended and online learning, project-based learning, and competency-based education contribute to enhancing learning outcomes and developing critical 21st-century skills. Particular attention is given to the role of information and communication technologies (ICT), interactive platforms, and artificial intelligence in transforming teaching and assessment practices. The study emphasizes that innovation in pedagogy is not limited to technology alone, but also includes changes in curriculum design, assessment strategies, teacher professional development, and institutional management.
DIGITAL LOGISTICS TRANSFORMATION AS A DRIVER OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMPETITIVENESS IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP WITHIN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
In an era defined by accelerating technological disruption and the deepening integration of global markets, the digital transformation of logistics has emerged as a strategically decisive determinant of international trade competitiveness for entrepreneurial firms. The present study critically examines the mechanisms through which digital logistics transformation functions as a principal catalytic force in reshaping the competitive architecture of firms engaged in cross-border commerce within the contemporary globalized economy. Situated within the broader theoretical context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution which marks a decisive transition from the information age to the age of digital intelligence the logistics sector is currently undergoing a profound and irreversible structural reconfiguration, propelled by the rapid proliferation and institutional embedding of digital economy instruments across global value chains. Drawing upon a systematic and comparative analysis of scholarly contributions and practitioner-oriented perspectives across multiple national and regional contexts, this study investigates the transformative implications of progressively adopting a constellation of advanced digital modern technology like artificial intelligence, Big Data, internet of things, cloud technologies, and mostly multi-party logistics services with first-party logistics (1PL) through fifth-party logistics (5PL).
ASSESSMENT OF INVESTMENT EFFICIENCY BASED ON INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION GROWTH RATES AND INVESTMENT DYNAMICS
This article provides a scientific analysis of priority approaches until improving the efficiency of investment activities in industrial enterprises . Using updated statistical data for 2025, it conducts a comparative and structural assessment of Uzbekistan's fixed capital investment volumes, industrial output growth rates, and the dynamics of foreign investment. The study systematizes the key determinants of investment efficiency and substantiates their linkage to economic performance through technological modernization, the acceleration of innovation activity, the improvement of financial management mechanisms, and the enhancement of the investment climate's attractiveness. The findings offer a methodological basis for developing applied recommendations to support investment project selection, resource allocation, and the optimization of investment decision-making in industrial enterprises.
DEMAND MANAGEMENT IN MODERN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS
In recent years, due to the energy transition taking place in many countries around the world, processes of energy transition have also begun in Uzbekistan. This transition is associated with a shift toward green energy and the solution of the problem of diversifying energy sources, the development of market relations, as well as the digitalization and intellectualization of the energy sector. Under these conditions, at all stages of the transition, it is necessary to ensure the reliability of electricity supply to consumers and the stable operation of electric power systems (EPS) under various operating modes. Therefore, conducting research on the use of effective methods to reliably supply consumers with high-quality electric energy, including during the operation of wind and solar power plants with unstable operating modes, is highly relevant. One of such effective methods is operational demand management.
NONLINEAR VIBRATIONS AND STABILITY OF VISCOELASTIC CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER COMPRESSIVE LOADS
In this article, the stability of a cylindrical shell is investigated in a geometric nonlinear setting. The cylindrical shell is subjected to static and dynamic influences. The shell material is orthotropic and has rheological properties that are described by the hereditary Boltzmann-Voltaire theory. The characteristic deflections equal to the shell thickness are taken as a criterion for dynamic buckling. As a result of the study, the character of measuring the deflection of the shell, taking into account the rheological properties of the material, was obtained. It was revealed that with an increase in the loading rate, the dynamic critical load increases several times in comparison with the static one.
PROPOSALS FOR IMPROVING THE MECHANISM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE REGIONAL FOOD MARKET INTO PRACTICAL MEASURES
The article reveals the domestic potential of food production. A set of measures to be implemented in the Fergana region to achieve the strategic indicators of agricultural development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030 has been developed. Scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at improving the regional food market are given.
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) TECHNOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF E-COMMERCE IN UZBEKISTAN
This article investigates the development of e-commerce in Uzbekistan through the lens of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The study analyzes the scientific foundations and the growing importance of AI in online trade, focusing on its application in data processing, consumer behavior analysis, sales process optimization, and personalized marketing strategies. Using empirical data from Uzbek e-commerce platforms, the research examines AI-driven demand forecasting, dynamic pricing policies, automation, and customer service enhancement. The results show that the implementation of AI technologies significantly improves sales efficiency, customer satisfaction, and decision-making accuracy. The article also identifies key challenges such as data quality issues, shortage of qualified personnel, high implementation costs, and insufficient legal and ethical regulations. Based on these findings, the study outlines the stages, problems, and prospects of AI integration in Uzbekistan’s e-commerce system.
TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION BASED ON DIGITAL PLATFORMS AND SMART TECHNOLOGIES
This article examines the transformation of educational process management in higher and vocational education based on digital platforms and smart technologies. The rapid development of digital transformation and smart technological solutions has created new opportunities for improving academic management, enhancing teaching efficiency, and optimizing educational processes. The study analyzes modern approaches to the integration of digital platforms, learning management systems, artificial intelligence, and educational data analytics into academic administration. The research demonstrates that smart technologies contribute to the automation of educational management, support data-driven decision-making, and enable personalized learning pathways. The article identifies key directions for the development of smart digital educational ecosystems aimed at improving the quality of educational services and strengthening professional competencies required in the digital economy. The findings provide practical recommendations for implementing digital platforms and smart technologies in educational process management.
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL PEDAGOGICAL MODELS FOR MANAGING EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN HIGHER AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEMS
This article examines the development of digital pedagogical models for managing educational activities in higher and professional education systems. In the context of rapid digital transformation, educational institutions face the need to modernize teaching methodologies, improve academic management mechanisms, and enhance the quality of professional training. The study analyzes modern approaches to the integration of digital learning platforms, learning management systems, artificial intelligence technologies, and educational data analytics into pedagogical practice. The research substantiates that digital pedagogical models contribute to the automation of educational management, personalization of learning processes, and improvement of student engagement and academic performance. The article also identifies key directions for designing and implementing digital pedagogical models aimed at improving the effectiveness of educational activities and supporting the development of digital competencies among educators and students. The findings of the study can be applied to enhance educational management strategies and support the sustainable development of digital education systems.
DIGITAL ECONOMY STANDARDS IN DISTANCE EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT: CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS
The rapid expansion of the digital economy has fundamentally transformed the structure and organization of distance education worldwide. The increasing role of international standards in digital infrastructure, data governance, interoperability, cybersecurity, and quality assurance has created new regulatory and methodological frameworks for the development of online and blended learning systems. In this context, a systematic analysis of global digital economy standards and their influence on distance education becomes essential for understanding current transformation processes and identifying emerging development trajectories. This review article examines the current state and evolving trends of distance education development through the prism of global digital economy standards. The study synthesizes international regulatory frameworks, policy documents, and academic research related to digital education, EdTech platforms, learning management systems, and cross-border educational services. Particular attention is paid to standards formulated by international organizations such as the OECD, UNESCO, ISO, the European Union, and the World Bank, which shape institutional models, technological architectures, and quality assurance mechanisms in digital learning environments. The analysis identifies key standardization domains, including digital infrastructure, data protection, interoperability of educational platforms, digital credentials, and competency frameworks for the digital workforce. The review further highlights emerging trends such as platformization of education, internationalization of online programs, integration of artificial intelligence and learning analytics, and the growing role of transnational regulatory coordination. The findings reveal that alignment with global digital economy standards plays a decisive role in enhancing the scalability, quality, and international compatibility of distance education systems.
IMPROVING THE TEACHING METHODOLOGY OF MEDICAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
This article examines the improvement of teaching methodology in the field of medical information technologies through the systematic use of digital educational resources. The rapid digital transformation of healthcare and higher education requires the modernization of instructional approaches aimed at developing students’ professional competencies in medical informatics, health information systems, and digital healthcare technologies. The study analyzes the pedagogical potential of digital learning platforms, interactive simulators, virtual laboratories, and multimedia content in enhancing the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. The research is based on a mixed-methods approach that combines comparative analysis of traditional and digital teaching models, expert evaluation of instructional materials, and assessment of students’ learning outcomes. Special attention is given to the integration of learning management systems, adaptive educational technologies, and competency-based instructional design in medical IT education. The results demonstrate that the structured application of digital educational resources significantly improves students’ motivation, cognitive engagement, and practical skill formation. The proposed methodological framework contributes to the development of a flexible and student-centered learning environment that meets the requirements of digital healthcare and modern medical education. The findings may be used in curriculum design, teacher training, and the development of digital learning strategies for medical and technical universities
DIRECTIONS FOR DEVELOPING ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS THE ECONOMIC BASIS OF UZBEKISTAN
The reforms being carried out to expand and develop entrepreneurial activity, one of the main pillars of the economic growth of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and their results are presented, and the problems arising during their activity are highlighted.
DIRECTIONS FOR THE APPLICATION OF TAX BENEFITS TO BUSINESS ENTITIES
The article discusses modern mechanisms for applying tax incentives to business entities in the Uzbek economy, their impact on economic development, and the effectiveness of stimulating entrepreneurial activity through incentives. It also studies and analyzes practical aspects of increasing employment, attracting investments, reducing production costs , and simplifying tax administration using digital services.
ORGANIZATIONAL CONDITIONS AT THE ENTERPRISE LEVEL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPLEX ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
The article extensively covers the organizational conditions necessary for the formation of a comprehensive economic analysis system at the enterprise level and its effective implementation. The increasing importance of analytical activities in achieving strategic goals and objectives facing enterprises in a market economy is substantiated. The article also develops practical recommendations for improving analytical processes.
DIGITAL FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
This article examines the role of digital financial instruments in stimulating economic growth. It analyzes key technologies, including blockchain, artificial intelligence, and mobile payment systems, and assesses their impact on the accessibility of financial services and the efficiency of financial operations. The study substantiates that the digitalization of the financial sector contributes to reducing transaction costs, fostering innovative business models, and attracting investment.
STATE POLICY ON PROMOTING EXPORTS IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
This article examines the role and effectiveness of public policy in stimulating exports in the digital economy, including export mechanisms, electronic platforms, and the impact of government-provided digital services. It also analyzes practical mechanisms for supporting digital exports and suggests future directions.
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF REGIONAL BUDGET RESOURCES IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
This study examines the conceptual foundations and prospects for the effective management of regional budget resources in the context of the digital economy. The research analyzes digital transformation processes and ways to improve the efficiency of budget processes through the introduction of e-budget and treasury systems. Scientific recommendations aimed at optimizing regional financial management are proposed.
FACTORS INFLUENCING EXPORT FORMATION IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY AND THEIR ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE
This article analyzes the characteristics of export formation and the structural composition of textile product exports in Uzbekistan. The study employs systemic and logical analysis, comparison, grouping, and economic-statistical methods. The findings indicate that cotton yarn and finished textile products occupy a leading position in the export structure, confirming the growing share of high value-added products in the light industry. At the same time, the relatively low share of certain product groups highlights the need for further export diversification. The results substantiate that the formation of textile exports is closely linked to the depth of the production chain, the level of technological development, and institutional support, and they can be used in making scientific and practical decisions aimed at export development.
CURRENT STATE AND SPECIFIC FEATURES OF GREEN INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN’S INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
This article analyzes the current state and specific features of green innovation development in Uzbekistan’s industrial enterprises. The study emphasizes the role of green technologies in improving resource efficiency, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and ensuring sustainable industrial growth. The research is based on analytical, comparative, and statistical methods, as well as an examination of national development strategies and regulatory documents. The findings reveal that despite the adoption of strategic policies supporting green transformation, industrial enterprises face significant barriers such as outdated technological infrastructure, insufficient financial resources, and limited human capital. At the same time, strengthening state support mechanisms and promoting circular economy principles are identified as key drivers for accelerating green innovation adoption in Uzbekistan’s industrial sector.
THE FUTURE OF SMALL BUSINESSES AT UZBEKISTAN: EXPECTATIONS AND TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT
Small businesses are playing an increasingly important role in Uzbekistan’s economic development, contributing significantly to employment, innovation, and overall economic growth. In recent years, comprehensive economic reforms aimed at liberalization, private sector support, and integration into global markets have created new opportunities for small and mediumsized enterprises. Against this background, the future development of small businesses in Uzbekistan has become a particularly relevant subject of analysis. This article examines the key trends and expectations shaping the small business sector in Uzbekistan, with a focus on government support measures, access to finance, regulatory reforms, digitalization, and integration into international markets. The study highlights how targeted state policies, improved legal frameworks, and growing involvement of international financial institutions are influencing entrepreneurial activity and business sustainability.